Code and Preformatted Text
Indent four spaces to create an escaped <pre><code>
block:
printf("goodbye world!"); /* his suicide note was in C */
The text will be wrapped in tags, and displayed in a monospaced font. The first four spaces will be stripped off, but all other whitespace will be preserved.
Markdown is ignored within a code block:
This is not bold, d'oh. This is **also** not bold.
Code Spans
Use backticks to create an inline <code> span:
Press the `<Tab>` key, then type a `#`.
(The backtick key is in the upper left corner of most keyboards.)
Like code blocks, code spans will be displayed in a monospaced font. Markdown will not work within them.
Mathematics
Use a single dollar sign to create inline LaTeX expressions. If you need the actual dollar sign, escape it with a backslash. The double dollar sign for block-level LaTeX expressions is currently not supported.
You are encouraged to use this notation even for simple single-letter variables in text.
Given a natural number $N$, write a program that prints out $\lfloor \frac{N}{i} \rfloor$ for every $i \in \{1,2,\dots,N\}$. You may assume $N \leq 10^6$. A pizza for \$5 is cheap.
Linebreaks
End a line with two spaces to add a <br/> linebreak:
How do I love thee?
Let me count the ways
Italics and Bold
*This is italicized*, and so is _this_. **This is bold**, and so is __this__. Use ***italics and bold together*** if you ___have to___.
Basic Links
There are three ways to write links. Each is easier to read than the last:
Here's an inline link to [Google](http://www.google.com/). Here's a reference-style link to [Google][1]. Here's a very readable link to [Yahoo!][yahoo]. [1]: http://www.google.com/ [yahoo]: http://www.yahoo.com/
The link definitions can appear anywhere in the document -- before or after the
place where you use them. The link definition names [1] and [yahoo]
can be any unique string, and are case-insensitive; [yahoo] is the
same as [YAHOO].
Advanced Links
Links can have a title attribute, which will show up on hover. Title attributes can also be added; they are helpful if the link itself is not descriptive enough to tell users where they're going.
Here's a [poorly-named link](http://www.google.com/ "Google"). Never write "[click here][^2]". Visit [us][web]. [^2]: http://www.w3.org/QA/Tips/noClickHere (Advice against the phrase "click here") [web]: http://stackoverflow.com/ "Stack Overflow"
Headers
Use hash marks for several levels of headers:
# Header 1 # ## Header 2 ## ### Header 3 ###
The closing # characters are optional.
Alternatively, underline text to make the two <h1> <h2> top-level
headers :
Header 1 ======== Header 2 --------
The number of = or - signs doesn't matter; one will work. But using enough to underline the text makes your titles look better in plain text.
Horizontal Rules
Insert a horizontal rule <hr/> by putting three or more hyphens,
asterisks, or underscores on a line by themselves:
Rule #1 --- Rule #2 ******* Rule #3 ___
Using spaces between the characters also works:
Rule #4
- - - -
Simple lists
A bulleted <ul> list:
- Use a minus sign for a bullet + Or plus sign * Or an asterisk
A numbered <ol> list:
1. Numbered lists are easy 2. Markdown keeps track of the numbers for you 7. So this will be item 3.
A double-spaced list:
- This list gets wrapped in <p> tags - So there will be extra space between items
Advanced lists: Nesting
To put other Markdown blocks in a list; just indent four spaces for each nesting level:
1. Lists in a list item: - Indented four spaces. * indented eight spaces. - Four spaces again. 2. Multiple paragraphs in a list items: It's best to indent the paragraphs four spaces You can get away with three, but it can get confusing when you nest other things. Stick to four. We indented the first line an extra space to align it with these paragraphs. In real use, we might do that to the entire list so that all items line up. This paragraph is still part of the list item, but it looks messy to humans. So it's a good idea to wrap your nested paragraphs manually, as we did with the first two. 3. Blockquotes in a list item: > Skip a line and > indent the >'s four spaces. 4. Preformatted text in a list item: Skip a line and indent eight spaces. That's four spaces for the list and four to trigger the code block.
Simple Blockquotes
Add a > to the beginning of any line to create a <blockquote>.
> The syntax is based on the way email programs > usually do quotations. You don't need to hard-wrap > the paragraphs in your blockquotes, but it looks much nicer if you do. Depends how lazy you feel.
Advanced blockquotes: Nesting
To put other Markdown blocks in a <blockquote>, just add a
> followed by a space:
> The > on the blank lines is optional. > Include it or don't; Markdown doesn't care. > > But your plain text looks better to > humans if you include the extra `>` > between paragraphs.
Blockquotes within a blockquote:
> A standard blockquote is indented > > A nested blockquote is indented more > > > > You can nest to any depth.
Lists in a blockquote:
> - A list in a blockquote > - With a > and space in front of it > * A sublist
Preformatted text in a blockquote:
> Indent five spaces total. The first > one is part of the blockquote designator.
Images
Images are exactly like links, but they have an exclamation point in front of them:
.
The word in square brackets is the alt text, which gets displayed if the browser can't show the image. Be sure to include meaningful alt text for screen-reading software.
Just like links, images work with reference syntax and titles:
This page is ![valid XHTML][checkmark]. [checkmark]: http://w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml10 "What are you smiling at?"
Note: Markdown does not currently support the shortest reference syntax for images:
Here's a broken ![checkmark].
But you can use a slightly more verbose version of implicit reference names:
This ![checkmark][] works.
The reference name is also used as the alt text.
Embedded HTML
A very limited subset of HTML is supported, notably tables (with minimal styling). To embed HTML, enclose it in
"{{{html" ...
"}}}" tags;
each tag has to stand in its own line.
Have a look at this table: {{{table <table align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1"> <tr><th>Name</th><th>Surname</th><th>Score</th></tr> <tr><td>John</td><td>Doe</td><td>17</td></tr> <tr><td>Jane</td><td>Smith</td><td>29</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2">Total</td><td>46</td></tr> </table> }}} Such a pretty table, wouldn't you say?
Need More Detail?
Visit the official Markdown syntax reference page. Note that Putka additionally escapes all HTML tags and supports inline LaTeX.